Giving SOS correctly
SOS is the internationally recognised distress signal: three short, three long, three short, as one continuous signal with no gaps between the letters (· · · − − − · · ·). It works with any means.
- Light: short = approx. 1 s, long = approx. 3 s, a pause after each SOS, then repeat.
- Whistle/sound: the same pattern – short and long tones.
- Mirror: direct sunlight in short/long flashes towards an aircraft or helicopter.
- Alpine distress signal (SAC): 6 signals per minute, 1 minute pause, repeat. Rescuers' reply: 3 signals per minute.
Learning Morse – mnemonics & method
You learn Morse through sound (rhythm), not dots and dashes on paper. The Koch method is proven: start at full target speed, first only a few characters, then expand step by step.
- Mnemonic: short = “di/dit”, long = “dah”. E is just “dit”, T just “dah”, SOS sounds “di-di-dit dah-dah-dah di-di-dit”.
- For beginners: start with E, T, A, N, I, M – short characters, quick success.
- Expert tip: practise SOS with light and whistle in the dark until it sticks.
Prosigns & radio discipline
- AR (· − · − ·) = end of message; SK (· · · − · −) = end of contact; BK = invitation to break in.
- Radio rule in an emergency: short, clear, slow, repeat – and acknowledge after receiving.